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más del 50% de los casos de tifus exantemático a nivel mundial. El sistema de
vigilancia es considerado incompleto debido básicamente a los limitados recursos económicos, la dificultad en las comunicaciones y la existencia de pocos laboratorios con experiencia en el diagnóstico de
rickettsias. El diagnóstico laboratorial confirmatorio adecuado, y la búsqueda activa de casos, posiblemente con apoyo de la comunidad, pueden contribuir a fortalecerlo.
Palabras clave: Tifus epidémico transmitido por piojos, Rickettsia prowazekii.
SUMMARY
Exanthematic typhus is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii and it is classically transmitted by human body
lice. It takes place in the form of outbreaks or epidemics, that potentially affect a large population in a matter of weeks or
months. Peru reports more than 50% of the cases of exanthematic typhus
worldwide. The surveillance system is considered incomplete, mainly due to limited economic
resources, difficult communications and few laboratories with experience in rickettsial diagnosis. Adequate laboratory diagnosis and active case
surveillance, possibly with community support, can contribute to strengthen the surveillance
system.
Key words: Typhus, epidemic louse-borne, Rickettsia prowazekii.
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