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Entre enero y junio 2002, 197 pacientes aceptaron participar, 56 (28 %) completaron la información en fase aguda y estable. Resultados: edad media 41 ±16
[21-631 años, 34 (61 %) mujeres, IMC media 26±4 [20-34], 23 con
IMC>25 y 39 (70%) y 17 (30%) asma moderada y severa respectivamente. Tuvieron mejor FEM en fase estable con diferencia significativa (aguda
234+/-91 [140-330] vs. estable 363 +/ -92 [270-4601 Lts/m, p<0.01).
En fase estable los pacientes durmieron más, despertaron menos e hicieron menos siestas vespertinas
(6+/-11.44[6-7.41 vs. 6.7 +/-11.115[6-7.8] hrs. de sueño, 1.7 +/-0.9[0.8-2.61 vs.
0.9+/-0.8[11-1.7] despertares nocturnos, 0.3+/0.1 [0.2-0.4] vs.
0.4+/-0.2[02-0.6] número de siestas, p<0.01).
El insomnio de conciliación e intermedio fueron más frecuentes en crisis (41 % vs. 12 % y 61 % vs. 23 % respectivamente, p<0.01). La CV; dimensiones síntomas
(38+/19[19-571 vs. 59+/17[42-761 ), limitación de actividades
(33+/13[20-46] vs. 53+/12[41-65]), función emocional (17+/-9[13-311 vs. 22+/
-9[13-3111) y estímulos ambientales (13+/-6[7191 vs. 17+/-7[10-24]) fueron significativa mente mayores en fase estable que aguda (p<0.01).
Discusión: los pacientes asmáticos en fase aguda duermen menos, despiertan más en la noche, hacen más siestas, tienen más insomnio de conciliación e intermedio y menor calidad de vida que en fase estable. Ello coincide con menores valores FEM.
Conclusiones: los resultados destacan la importancia de evaluar la calidad del sueño y de vida en el paciente asmático como variables que permitan definir un adecuado control de la enfermedad.
Palabras clave:
sueño, asma bronquial, calidad de vida, calidad de sueño.
SUMMARY
Introducction: We studied the sleep macrostructure, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and quality of life (QL) in asthmatic patients during acute phase and stable condition. Methods: We used a sleep questionnaire and quality of life questionnaire of E. Juniper.
Between January and June 2002, 197 patients accepted to participate, 56 (28%) completed the information in acute and stable conditions. Results: Average age 41 ±16
[21-631 years, 34 (61 %) were wornen. Body mass index (BMI) 26±4 [20-341, 23 with BMI>25. Thirty nine (70%) and 17 (30%) had moderate and severe asthma respectively. In stable condition, they had better PEF (acute
234+/-911[1403301 vs. stable 363+/-92 [270-460] Lts/m, p<0.01). In stable conditions, patients siept more, woke up less and took few afternoon naps
(6+/-1.44 [6-7.4] vs. 6.7 +/-1.15 [6-7.81 sleep hrs, 1.7 +/-0.9 [0.8-2.6] vs.
0.9+/-0.8[11-1.7] night wakes up, 0.3+/-0.1[0.20.4] vs. 0.4+/-0.2[02-0.6] naps, p<0.01). Conciliation and intermediate insomnia were more frequents in crisis (41% vs. 12 % and 61 % vs. 23 % respectively, p<0..01). In QL, symptoms
(38+/19[19-571 vs. 59+/ -17[42-76] ), limitation of activities (33 +/-13[20-461 vs.
53+/-12[41-65]), emotional function (17+/-9[13-311 vs. 22+/-9[13-311) and ambient stimuli
(13+/6[7-19] vs. 17+/-7[10-241) had more punctuation in stable condition (p<0.01).
Discussion: Asthmatic patients in acute crisis sleep less and had more night wakes up, more snaps, more conciliation and intermediate insomnia and less quality of life than in stable conditions. This coincides with fewer values in PER
Conclusions: it is very important to evaluate the sleep and quality of life in asthmatic patients in order to define if the iliness is adequately controlled.
Key words:
sleep, bronquial asthma, quality of life, sleep quality.
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